Kubernetes

Kubernetes, often referred to as “k8s,” is an open source system for automating the deployment, scaling and management of application containers. It was originally designed by Google and is now managed by the Cloud Native Computing Foundation.

• Kubernetes cluster: It consists of one or more nodes (nodes), which can be virtual or physical machines. These nodes are managed by a master node, which is responsible for orchestrating the entire cluster.
• Pod: The smallest entity that can be created and managed in Kubernetes. A pod can contain one or more containers that share resources, such as network and memory. Pods are ephemeral, meaning they are created and removed to maintain the state of the application as expected.
• Replication Controller: Ensures that a specified number of replica Pods are continuously running in the cluster. If a Pod fails, the controller automatically replaces it with a new one.
• Service: Defines how to access Pods that perform specific tasks, such as the frontend or backend server. With services, communication between different parts of the application is facilitated because they provide a fixed IP address and name that doesn’t change even in case of failure.
• Namespace: Kubernetes allows cluster resources to be shared among multiple users through the use of namespaces. This isolates groups of resources within the same cluster.
• Data Storage (Volumes): Kubernetes allows Pods to access data storage systems, which can be local, like a hard drive on a node, or remote, like cloud services.
• Autoscaling: Kubernetes can automatically scale applications up or down depending on load, ensuring optimal resource utilization.
• Configuration and secret management: Kubernetes allows you to manage the configuration and secrets of your applications without the need to place them in containers, increasing the security and flexibility of your applications.

Kubernetes also offers a rich ecosystem of tools and extensions that enable integrated log management, monitoring, networking and security. This makes it a comprehensive solution for managing containers in a variety of infrastructure environments.